We did the initial operating system setup in the last post. Before we can install the oracle software we need to prepare the operating system for oracle. I will assume your Virtual Machine is up and running and you have a working ssh connection established to it ( as user root ).
Because it is a training environment turn off the firewall and selinux
chkconfig iptables off service iptables stop vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux ## SELINUX=disabled
The first requirement we need to fulfill is to install all the software packages oracle requires to successfully install. A list of the packages can be found in the oracle documentation.
yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat libcap openssh-clients unzip numactl man-pages man
Documentation links:
- For binutils: http://www.gnu.org
- For compat-libstdc++, gcc, gcc++, libgcc, libstdc++, libstdc++-devel : gcc.gnu.org
- For elfutils: fedorahosted.org
- For glibc, glibc-common, glibc-devel, glibc-headers: www.gnu.org
- For ksh: www.kornshell.com
- For libaio, libaio-devel: sourceforge.net
- For make: www.gnu.org
- For sysstat: sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr
- For libcap, compat-libcap1: www.tcpdump.org
- openssh: www.openssh.com/
- numactl : http://www.sharcnet.ca/
Next we need to set the kernel parameters ( again, see the documentation for details ):
echo "fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 kernel.sem = 250 32000 32 1024 " >> /etc/sysctl.conf /sbin/sysctl -p
For an excellent description of the shared memory parameters take a look at orafaq
As oracle will run under it’s own user accounts and groups we need to define them ( again, see the documentation for details )
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 505 asmoper /usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -m -c "Grid Infratructure Software owner" grid /usr/sbin/useradd -u 503 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin -m -c "Database Software owner" oracle passwd oracle passwd grid
Because Oracle will need resources from the OS, lets set the resource limits ( again, see the documentation for details )
echo "oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 grid soft stack 10240 grid hard stack 32768" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
Make sure we have a correct hosts entry:
echo "10.0.2.15 oracleplayground oracleplayground.fun" >> /etc/hosts
Almost finished. What’s still missing are the directories for the Oracle Inventory ( the central location where oracle records the products installed ) and the software locations. For a description see the documentation.
Note: As this will be a training environment we will not create separate mount points as you would do on a production system.
mkdir /opt/oracle mkdir /opt/oracle/stage mkdir /opt/oracle/product mkdir /opt/oracle/oraInventory mkdir /opt/oracle/product/base mkdir /opt/oracle/product/crs chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/stage chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/product chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/oraInventory chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/product/crs chown oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle/product/base chmod 770 /opt/oracle chmod 770 /opt/oracle/stage chmod 770 /opt/oracle/oraInventory chmod 770 /opt/oracle/product chmod 770 /opt/oracle/product/base
That’s it. The OS is ready for the oracle installation.
To be prepared for the next step, you’ll need to download the below files from oracle support. On the “Patches and Updates” tab search for patches 10404530 and 13348650.
- p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip: Oracle Database 11gR2 11.2.0.3 Part 1 of 2
- p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip: Oracle Database 11gR2 11.2.0.3 Part 2 of 2
- p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip: Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11gR2 11.2.0.3 Part 1 of 1
- p13348650_112030_LINUX.zip: Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patchset Update 11.2.0.3.1 ( includes database PSU )
If you do not have an oracle support account you can go with the base release ( 11.2.0.1.0 ) which can be downloaded from Oracle Technology Network. The procedure for installing the software remains the same but you will not be able apply the PSU ( Patch Set Update ) from above.
For your convenience or if you’d like to automate the tasks performed in this post, here is the complete script:
#!/bin/bash if [ $(id -un) != "root" ]; then echo "you must run this as root" exit 0 fi # install the required software yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat libcap openssh-clients unzip numactl man-pages man # set the kernel parameters echo "fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 kernel.sem = 250 32000 32 1024 " >> /etc/sysctl.conf /sbin/sysctl -p # add groups and users /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 505 asmoper /usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -m -c "Grid Infratructure Software owner" grid /usr/sbin/useradd -u 503 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -m -c "Database Software owner" oracle passwd oracle passwd grid # set the resource limits echo "oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 grid soft stack 10240 grid hard stack 32768" >> /etc/security/limits.conf # create the directories mkdir /opt/oracle mkdir /opt/oracle/stage mkdir /opt/oracle/product mkdir /opt/oracle/oraInventory mkdir /opt/oracle/product/base mkdir /opt/oracle/product/crs chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/stage chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/product chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/oraInventory chown grid:oinstall /opt/oracle/product/crs chown oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle/product/base chmod 770 /opt/oracle chmod 770 /opt/oracle/stage chmod 770 /opt/oracle/oraInventory chmod 770 /opt/oracle/product chmod 770 /opt/oracle/product/base
Remember to take a snapshot of your Virtual Machine if you want to save your work or if you want to revert to this point:
vboxmanage snapshot oracleplayground take "after OS configuration"
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